ABSTRACT
Levocetirizine, a third-generation antihistamine, and montelukast, a leukotriene receptor antagonist, exhibit remarkable synergistic anti-inflammatory activity across a spectrum of signaling proteins, cell adhesion molecules, and leukocytes. By targeting cellular protein activity, they are uniquely positioned to treat the symptoms of COVID-19. Clinical data to date with an associated six-month follow-up, suggests the combination therapy may prevent the progression of the disease from mild to moderate to severe, as well as prevent/treat many of the aspects of 'Long COVID,' thereby cost effectively reducing both morbidity and mortality. To investigate patient outcomes, 53 consecutive COVID-19 test (+) cases (ages 3-90) from a well-established, single-center practice in Boston, Massachusetts, between March - November 2020, were treated with levocetirizine and montelukast in addition to then existing protocols [2]. The data set was retrospectively reviewed. Thirty-four cases were considered mild (64%), 17 moderate (32%), and 2 (4%) severe. Several patients presented with significant comorbidities (obesity: n = 22, 41%; diabetes: n = 10, 19%; hypertension: n = 24, 45%). Among the cohort there were no exclusions, no intubations, and no deaths. The pilot study in Massachusetts encompassed the first COVID-19 wave which peaked on April 23, 2020 as well as the ascending portion of the second wave in the fall. During this period the average weekly COVID-19 case mortality rate (confirmed deaths/confirmed cases) varied considerably between 1 and 7.5% [37]. FDA has approved a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, Phase 2 clinical trial design, replete with electronic diaries and laboratory metrics to explore scientific questions not addressed herein.
Subject(s)
Acetates/therapeutic use , COVID-19 Drug Treatment , Cetirizine/therapeutic use , Cyclopropanes/therapeutic use , Histamine H1 Antagonists, Non-Sedating/therapeutic use , Leukotriene Antagonists/therapeutic use , Quinolines/therapeutic use , SARS-CoV-2/drug effects , Sulfides/therapeutic use , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Young AdultSubject(s)
COVID-19/diagnosis , Urticaria/virology , Acetaminophen/therapeutic use , Adult , Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , Cetirizine/therapeutic use , Dermatologic Agents/therapeutic use , Drug Therapy, Combination , Female , Histamine H1 Antagonists, Non-Sedating/therapeutic use , Humans , Hydroxychloroquine/therapeutic use , Male , Middle Aged , SARS-CoV-2 , Urticaria/drug therapy , COVID-19 Drug TreatmentSubject(s)
Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control , Dermatitis, Allergic Contact/etiology , Facial Dermatoses/etiology , Isocyanates/adverse effects , Masks/adverse effects , Pandemics/prevention & control , Pneumonia, Viral/prevention & control , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use , Betacoronavirus , COVID-19 , Dermatitis, Allergic Contact/drug therapy , Desonide/therapeutic use , Facial Dermatoses/drug therapy , Female , Histamine H1 Antagonists, Non-Sedating/therapeutic use , Humans , Loratadine/analogs & derivatives , Loratadine/therapeutic use , Patch Tests , SARS-CoV-2 , Young AdultABSTRACT
It has been hypothesised that antiallergic medications (AAMs) like montelukast and levocetirizine both the two bitter chloro compounds could be repurposed either alone or combinedly as an antiviral against SARS-CoV-2, like chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine (CQ/HCQ), another two bitter chloro compounds. Both AAMs and CQ/HCQ are bitter tasted chloro compounds. Depending on their these two similar physical properties and the safety and efficacy of AAMs by controlling over post viral episodes as comparing with viral inhibitory activities including SARS-CoV-2 by CQ/HCQ, a reposition of AAMs either alone/combinedly could be rationalised as an antiviral approach to nCoV.